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Vasectomy
Vasectomy is a procedure that blocks the vasa deferentia (the tubes that carry sperm). It is done as a permanent method of contraception.
Before you decide
Vasectomy is a permanent method — consider it irreversible, even though there is a reversal operation, which is expensive and without guaranteed success. That is why, before the procedure, we talk about whether you are sure you do not want (more) children, regardless of your current relationship. The procedure does not change hormones, erection, orgasm or the amount of ejaculate — the only change is that there are no longer any sperm in the ejaculate. It does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.
How is it done?
Through one or two openings of a few millimetres in the scrotum, the vasa deferentia on both sides are interrupted, a segment is removed, and the ends are closed and separated. It is done under local anaesthesia and takes 20–30 minutes. The stitches are tiny or there are none. For the first few days you wear supportive underwear and rest; for most men the pain is mild.
When does the procedure start to work?
Not immediately. Sperm remain in the vasa deferentia beyond the point of interruption, so other protection is used until a semen test — at the earliest after three months and about twenty ejaculations — confirms that there are no more sperm. Only with this result is the vasectomy considered effective.
When is the procedure not suitable?
The procedure is not done in men who are not sure that they do not want more children, because vasectomy should be regarded as permanent; we discuss this openly at the examination and do not rush the decision. It is postponed if there is active inflammation of the scrotum, epididymis or prostate. After earlier operations on the groin or scrotum the vas deferens may be harder to reach, which we tell you about before the procedure.
General reasons for postponing a procedure (inflammation, a clotting disorder, smoking): When is a procedure postponed?
Anaesthesia
Before a procedure under general or regional anaesthesia, you are seen by the anaesthetist, who works full time at the clinic; the same doctor is also present during the procedure. The anaesthetic assessment and the anaesthesia for larger operations are included in the price of the procedure. What happens before, during and after anaesthesia is described on the Anaesthesia page.
Risks
Expected, and rare but serious → Risks and complications: what is the course of healing, and what is a complication?
Specialist and team
Specialty: urology — examinations, diagnostics and procedures.
When the procedure is done under sedation or general anaesthesia, the anaesthesia is led by a specialist in anaesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive care who works full time at the clinic.
In the operating theatre, the surgeon is assisted by head nurse Martina Šereg, with the help of nurses Kristina Jurešić and Mateja Tomorad, and in recovery the care assistant Mirjana Kovačić is with you. Martina also looks after preparation, scheduling and contact after the procedure.
Who will operate is decided at the examination, based on the findings and the type of procedure. You know the name of the surgeon before the procedure and meet them at the examination.
What happens at the examination?
A urological examination has two parts: a conversation about your symptoms, past illnesses and medicines, and a clinical examination. Depending on the findings, an ultrasound is done straight away, in the same visit, if needed. You receive the findings at the examination.
What if the result is not as agreed?
The result of a procedure is assessed at a follow-up visit, once the swelling has gone down and the scar has matured, not in the first weeks. If it differs from what was agreed at the examination, the same surgeon carries out the correction.
→ Poliklinika Barbel's correction policy
Frequently asked questions
Is vasectomy permanent? Yes, it should be understood that way. Reconnecting the vasa deferentia is possible, but demanding and with no guarantee of success, especially after several years. That is why we recommend vasectomy only to men who are sure they do not want more children.
Does it affect sex life? No. Erection, orgasm, and the amount and appearance of ejaculate stay the same; sperm make up a small part of the volume of semen. Hormones do not change, because the testicles keep working.
Does a vasectomy hurt? The procedure itself does not hurt, you feel some pulling. In the first days the scrotum is tender and may be slightly swollen, which passes with cold compresses and snug underwear.
How much does the result depend on care after the procedure? The larger the procedure, the more it depends on it, but it always does. Healing takes weeks and months and happens almost entirely at home, so the instructions you receive when you go home, about the wound, physical activity and the scar, are part of the procedure, not a recommendation.
Medical review: doctors of Poliklinika Barbel · October 2026.